|
| |
Autistic Disorder (299.00
DSM-IV)
The central features of Autistic
Disorder are the presence of markedly abnormal or impaired development in social
interaction and communication, and a markedly restricted repertoire of activity
and interest. The manifestations of this disorder vary greatly depending on the
developmental level and chronological age of the individual. Autistic Disorder
is sometimes referred to as Early Infantile Autism, Childhood Autism, or
Kanner's Autism (page 66).
A. A total of six (or more)
items from (1), (2), and (3), with at least two from (1), and one each from (2)
and (3):
-
Qualitative
impairment in social interaction, as manifested by at least two of the
following:
-
Marked
impairment in the use of multiple nonverbal behaviors such as eye to-eye
gaze, facial expression, body postures, and gestures to regulate social
interaction .
-
Failure
to develop peer relationships appropriate to developmental level
-
A lack of
spontaneous seeking to share enjoyment, interests, or achievements with
other people (e.g., by a lack of showing, bringing, or pointing out
objects of interest)
-
Lack of
social or emotional reciprocity
-
Qualitative
impairments in communication as manifested by at least one of the following:
-
Delay in,
or total lack of, the development of spoken language (not accompanied by
an attempt to compensate through alternative modes of communication such
as gestures or mime)
-
In
individuals with adequate speech, marked impairment in the ability to
initiate or sustain a conversation with others
-
Stereotyped and repetitive use of language or idiosyncratic language
-
Lack of
varied, spontaneous make-believe play or social imitative play
appropriate to developmental level
-
Restricted
repetitive and stereotyped patterns of behavior, interests, and activities,
as manifested by at least one of the following:
-
Encompassing preoccupation with one or more stereotyped patterns of
interest that is abnormal either in intensity or focus
-
Apparently inflexible adherence to specific, nonfunctional routines or
rituals
-
Stereotyped and repetitive motor mannerisms (e.g., hand or finger
flapping or twisting, or complex whole-body movements)
-
Persistent preoccupation with parts of object
B. Delays or abnormal
functioning in at least one of the following areas, with onset prior to age 3
years:
-
Social interaction
-
Language as
used in social communication
-
Symbolic or imaginative
play
C. The disturbance is not better
accounted for by Rett's Disorder or Childhood Disintegrative Disorder.
|
te
Boxtel en omgeving
De
rijschool voor mensen met faalangst en leerproblemen